Lytro Warm-Up...
1) When you click the photo, it focuses on that spot and the rest of the picture gets blurred out and unfocused. If you clicked on a different part of the picture, the focus would change to where you clicked it. So every time you clicked somewhere else, the focal point moved to where you had clicked it.
2) When you take a picture with this camera, it captures all of the light in the whole scene, putting everything into equal focus. This allows you to later look at the photo, and change the focal point to any where in the photo you want.
3) I think the photographer would not have to know much before using this camera, because it seems like a pretty simple tool. Since it takes the photos with all of the light, I don't think there is a need to adjust the lighting or anything like that. The photographer will have to know about shutter speed and which they like the most as well as ISO. But from reading the description it doesn't seem like they need to know much more to take photos with this camera.
4) I'm not sure that this camera is worth the money. I do think it is really cool, but with some time to learn you could use a regular DSLR or point and shoot camera and get a bunch of photos of the same thing with different focal points. So I would have to look into this more before considering buying one, but i don't think it is worth the money.
Fashion...
1) After they put makeup and false eyelashes on the model, they then edited her photo on the computer. When they did this they elongated her neck, changed her left shoulder, darkened and lengthened her eyebrows, and they made her eyes bigger
2) In my opinion, it is not okay to change somebody's appearance like that. It is okay to put makeup on them to enhance their natural beauty, but when you upload the picture onto the internet and the change the physical features of their face and body, you are creating a whole new person. A person who doesn't really, and never will because the person in the photo is flawless. I actually find it in a way, insulting when company's change women's and men's appearances like that. It sends a message that nobody is good enough, so they just pick somebody and change what they really look like.
3) I think no matter what situation, changing somebody's body porportions and facial features is totally wrong and not okay.
4) Putting make up on the model is okay, when you still have some natural beauty shinning through. I think it is on the edge of okay and not okay when they pile a bunch of foundation and bronzer and blush onto the model's face. What isn't okay at all is when, like I said before, they literally change the shape of the model's eyes, mouth, the length of the neck, anything like that. This is just making the person in the picture not really who it originally was and it is degrading them.
5) A lot of the time, fashion photography involves lots of makeup and editing of the person like there was in the video. They edit the models so that the clothes look good on them. There is a lot of false images in fashion photography. In photojournalism however, I think that the pictures and the people and objects in the photo are more natural. They are not digitally edited from what it originally was.
6) Fashion photography has, in my opinion, a fake relationship with reality. This is because they change so much about the original picture that it just is not good and honest. This is also bad when the company claims that the photo is natural and the models have "cleaner skin" when really they just piled a bunch of foundation on to make their skin look better. Photojournalism has a closer relationship with reality, but in some ways they are "arguing" like friends do. Sometimes photographers will change little things about photos, like the lighting or the focal point, but those changed are small and don't change the physical aspects of what is actually in the photo.
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