Depth of Field (shallow and wide) - What in the photo is in focus. Shallow means that not a lot of the photo is in focus, while wide means a lot of the photo is in focus.
Light (angle and intensity) - Angle is about where the light is coming from, while intensity is how bright the light is.
Shadows - The absence of light.
Diffusion (alter) - Decreasing the intensity of the light, or softening it.
Exposure - What the photo actually looks like. It it too light? Is it too dark?
Aperture (f-stop) - Aperture is inside the lens, and how big the opening is.
Shutter Speed - Shutter Speed has to do with the mirror inside of the camera, and how fast the mirror opens and closes.
ISO - ISO has to do with the sensor inside of the camera. It is how sensitive the sensor is to light.
Aperture...
- also known as fstop
- the bigger the opening, the smaller the number
- bigger opening = more light, smaller opening = less light
- if you have a bigger opening, the depth of field is smaller
- small aperture number = shallow depth of field
Shutter Speed...
- most of the time showed as a fraction
- "motion blur" is when your shutter speed is too slow
- using a flash can sometimes help to "stop" action
ISO...
- as you increase the ISO, you increase the amount of grain in the photo
Types of Lenses...
Telephoto - Telephoto lenses zooms into the subject, to get a close photo. Telephoto lenses are good for sports, since you can't get on the football field or a basketball court.
Prime - Prime lenses are fixed, meaning that they do not zoom. Typically, prime lenses have a bigger aperture setting, so are good to use in low light.
Wide Angle - Wide angle lenses are exactly what they are called, wide angled lenses. These are good for landscape photos.
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